1. On August 12, 1877, one of the most infamous conflicts of the American Indian Wars occurred in Montana: the Battle of the Big Hole. In this battle, U.S. Army forces attacked a camp of Nez Perce Indians, resulting in the deaths of many people on both sides.

2. August 12 is also the birthday of one of Montana's most famous sons: Ryan Leaf. Leaf grew up in Great Falls and went on to become a star quarterback at Washington State University before playing in the NFL.

3. On August 12, 1902, the famous cowboy artist Charles M. Russell bought his own ranch near Great Falls. The ranch, which is now a historic site, was Russell's home and studio for many years.

4. Montana's first-ever radio broadcast took place on August 12, 1922. The signal emanated from KGCX in Great Falls and was heard by only a few people, but it marked the beginning of radio as a medium in Montana.

5. Finally, on August 12, 1935, the first meeting of the Montana State Planning Board was held in Helena. This board was tasked with developing a comprehensive plan for the state's development, including transportation, education, and other important topics.