1. In 1863, the Massachusetts 54th Infantry, the state's first black regiment, led a heroic and pivotal charge against Confederate forces during the Battle of Fort Wagner in South Carolina.

2. On July 27, 1915, the first prototype of the Curtis H-12 flying boat took its maiden flight in Marblehead Harbor, Massachusetts. This aircraft would go on to become a crucial asset in World War I.

3. In 1953, the Boston Braves played their last game at Braves Field, ending the team's 13-year stint in Boston before moving to Milwaukee. A group of Boston businessmen would later bring baseball back to the city with the founding of the Red Sox in 1960.

4. The first public reading of the Declaration of Independence in Massachusetts took place on July 27, 1776, in Worcester. This event inspired the town to become one of the first in the country to change its name to "Declaration of Independence."

5. On July 27, 1904, Boston hosted the first modern Olympic Marathon in the United States. The race started in Ashland, Massachusetts, and finished at the Olympic Stadium in Boston, with American Thomas Hicks winning the gold medal.