1. In 1864, the infamous Lawrence Massacre took place in Kansas. A group of pro-Confederate guerrillas attacked and raided the town of Lawrence, killing over 150 men and boys and burning down many buildings.

2. On July 30, 1910, the world watched in awe as pilot Charles Hamilton made the first successful airplane flight in Kansas. He flew a Wright biplane over Topeka and reached an altitude of 2,400 feet.

3. In 1930, Amelia Earhart, the famous aviator and feminist icon, set a new altitude record for autogiros (a type of aircraft) at the Overland Park airport in Kansas. She climbed 18,415 feet in an open-cockpit autogiro.

4. The Kansas State Fair, one of the largest state fairs in the country, held its first event on July 30, 1913. The fair is known for its wide variety of exhibits, food vendors, and entertainment, and draws visitors from all over the Midwest each year.

5. On July 30, 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed into law the Medicare and Medicaid programs, which provide healthcare coverage to millions of Americans. The signing ceremony took place in Independence, Missouri, just a few miles from the Kansas border.