1) On July 5, 1837, the state of Arkansas declared war on the Cherokee Nation during the Cherokee-American wars. The conflict arose due to the forced relocation of Native American tribes to Indian Territory, known as the Trail of Tears.

2) In 1925, John Scopes was found guilty of teaching evolution in a Dayton, Tennessee school. The trial was dubbed the "Scopes Monkey Trial" and garnered national attention. While the trial took place in Tennessee, it had an impact on Arkansas and other states that passed laws prohibiting the teaching of evolution.

3) On July 5, 1933, the federal government began construction on the Norfork Dam in Baxter County, Arkansas. The dam provided hydroelectric power and flood control for the surrounding areas.

4) In 1982, the state of Arkansas officially adopted "The Natural State" as its state nickname. The nickname reflects Arkansas' abundant natural resources, including its lakes, rivers, forests, and wildlife.

5) On July 5, 1998, the remains of a mammoth were discovered near Bentonville, Arkansas. The discovery led to the excavation of the site and the preservation of the mammoth fossils, which are now on display at the Museum of Native American History in Bentonville.