1. On June 23, 1972, the Watergate burglars were arrested at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate complex, leading to the infamous Watergate scandal that eventually forced President Richard Nixon to resign.

2. On June 23, 1863, Confederate forces in Virginia crossed the Potomac River and entered Maryland, beginning the Gettysburg Campaign, which resulted in the Battle of Gettysburg a few days later.

3. On June 23, 1911, the first Indianapolis 500 auto race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Indiana. Although it took place outside of the District of Columbia, the race has become an iconic American event that draws spectators from around the country.

4. On June 23, 2015, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in Obergefell v. Hodges that same-sex marriage was legal nationwide, making D.C. one of the many jurisdictions where LGBTQ+ couples could legally wed.

5. On June 23, 1987, President Ronald Reagan nominated Robert Bork to the Supreme Court. Bork's nomination became highly controversial, and after a bitter confirmation battle, he was ultimately rejected by the Senate. The nomination and subsequent rejection set a precedent for future Supreme Court nominations and confirmations.