1. On March 23, 1901, the Montana State Board of Pardons granted executive clemency to Buffalo Bill Cody, a renowned showman and frontier scout who had been convicted of stealing horses from Native American tribes.

2. March 23, 1910 marked the opening of the Northern Pacific Railway's new line through Western Montana, connecting Missoula and Spokane.

3. In 1933, the Montana State Legislature passed a bill naming the yogo sapphire as the official state gemstone, recognizing the unique blue sapphires found in the Yogo Gulch area of central Montana.

4. On March 23, 1965, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the case of Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections that poll taxes, which had been used to disenfranchise minority voters in many states, were unconstitutional.

5. March 23, 1983 saw the dedication of the Montana Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Helena, honoring the 332 Montanans who lost their lives in the Vietnam War. The memorial features a bronze sculpture of a soldier and a granite wall etched with the names of the fallen.