1) On October 23, 1865, Hawaiian King Kamehameha V officially opened the Hawaii State Supreme Court. The court was established to provide a fair and impartial justice system for the citizens of Hawaii.

2) In 1892, the founding meeting of the Hawaiian Humane Society was held on October 23. The society was created to protect animals and promote humane treatment of all creatures in Hawaii.

3) October 23, 1910 marks the inaugural flight of the first airplane in Hawaii. Piloted by J.C. Johnson, the plane took off from a field in Honolulu and flew for approximately 20 minutes before landing safely.

4) On October 23, 1945, the United Nations officially began operations. Hawaii played a key role in the establishment of the UN due to its strategic location in the Pacific and its importance in the war effort.

5) October 23, 1960 saw the opening of the Ala Moana Shopping Center, the largest open-air shopping center in the world at the time. The center quickly became a popular destination for locals and tourists alike, and remains a staple of Hawaii shopping to this day.